System, smart device and method for apportioning smart device operations and costs

ABSTRACT

A system, smart device and method for apportioning costs of smart device operations between purposes. Operation information concerning operations performed by the smart device is recorded. The operations are apportioned between purposes based on categorization information and the operation information. The cost of the apportioned operations performed by the device is determined for the purposes based on the operation information and tariff information.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No.14/906,723 filed on Jan. 21, 2016, which is a National Stage Entry ofInternational Application No. PCT/CA2014/050686, filed on Jul. 21, 2014,which is a non-provisional application of U.S. Provisional ApplicationSer. No. 61/856,720 titled MOBILE COST MANAGEMENT (MCM) SOLUTION,PROCESS, METHOD, SYSTEM, APP, DEVICE AND/OR COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUMfiled on Jul. 21, 2013. This application claims priority from U.S.Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/856,720 filed on Jul. 21, 2013,International Application No. PCT/CA2014/050686 filed on Jul. 21, 2014,and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/906,723 filed on Jan. 21, 2016,which are all herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to the field of computingdevices. More particularly, the present disclosure relates toapportioning operations and associated costs of computing devices.

BACKGROUND

Computing devices, such as mobile smart phones, send and receivecommunication signals through various channels. Those channels mayinclude, for example WiFi networks, Ethernet networks, and cellularnetworks. With respect to a cellular network, computing devices maycommunicate via various channels of communication including data, voice,and text messages over the simple messaging service (SMS) or multimediamessage service (MMS). A carrier or network operator provides channelsof communication and charges a fee according to the amount of usage of aselected channel of communication in a period. For example, a carriermay charge a fee based on the amount of data (measured in bytes ormegabytes) sent and received, the duration of a phone call in minutes orseconds, and the total number of texts sent and/or received.

A computing device typically has a plan or tariff associated therewithwhich is an agreement with the carrier or network operator regarding theamount the carrier will charge for the consumption of any of data,voice, and text by the computing device or a group of computing devices.For example, a tariff may permit an unlimited number of local eveningand weekend voice call minutes, a limited number of local day time voicecall minutes, a limited number of long distance voice call minutes, alimited number of text messages, and a certain amount of data in a monthfor a fixed fee. If the computing device consumes more than the maximumamount of minutes, text messages, or data, then the carrier may chargeadditional fees or an overage fee in accordance with the tariff.

An increasing number of individuals are each using only one computingdevice for both work and personal purposes. An individual may own thedevice and have a contract with a carrier or network operator for thecommunication of data, voice and text. Alternatively, an employer mayown the device and have the contract with the carrier but provide thedevice to their employee.

There are a number of benefits associated with using only one device forboth work and personal purposes. It may be difficult, however, toapportion the costs of device operations such as data traffic, textmessages, and voice call minutes, between work purposes and personalpurposes. Accordingly, it is desirable to have an easy method ofcalculating the costs results from the operations performed by acomputing device so that an employee can be appropriately reimbursed bytheir employer for operation of an employee device for work purposes; anemployer can appropriately bill an employee for operation of anemployer's device for personal purposes, and a contractor can identifythe amount of carrier charges it can expense for the purpose ofcalculating business income.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A system, smart device and method for apportioning costs of smart deviceoperations between purposes is described. An application on a smartdevice records operation information concerning operations performed bythe smart device. An operation may comprise, for example, placing acellular voice call (also referred to as a cellular voice calloperation) and the corresponding operation information may comprise, forexample, the duration of the voice call and the telephone number towhich the call was placed. Operations are performed for one or morepurposes such as a personal purpose and a work purpose. Each operationhas an associated monetary cost that is described, in general terms, bya tariff. An operation is apportioned to a selected purpose and may bedone so based on categorization information such as the telephone numberof a contact designated as relating to a work purpose and the operationinformation. The categorization information may be provided by a user,or may be obtained from a personal cloud such as the FACEBOOK™ server,or an enterprise information technology environment system or serversuch as a customer relationship manager server. The source of thecategorization information may be used to designate contact informationas relating to a particular purpose and may be used to apportion anoperation to a particular purpose. The cost of the apportionedoperations is determined for one or more purposes based on the operationinformation and tariff information. The application on the smart device,or a separate application running on a computer, may apportion operationinformation to purposes, obtain categorization information, anddetermine the cost of the operations for each purpose.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a system for apportioning smart deviceoperations between purposes in accordance with an embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 2 shows a diagram of a method for calculating smart deviceoperations costs in accordance with another embodiment of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the metering and tariffing application asshown in FIG. 1 in accordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 4. shows a flowchart of a method for apportioning costs of apurchase made with a smart device as shown in FIG. 1 between purposes inaccordance with the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a system 100 for apportioning operations of asmart device 102 between purposes in accordance with an embodiment ofthe present disclosure. The smart device 102 may be any computerizeddevice which can be programmed such as, for example, a mobile phone, atablet, a personal computer, a smart television, a router, or anysimilar electronic device. The smart device 102 comprises a memory 104and a computer processing unit (CPU) 106. The memory contains amonitoring application 108 which is executed by the CPU 106. The smartdevice 102 can access a network operator (also referred to as a carrier)110 through various connection types such as, for example, a wirelesscellular connection using the Global System for Mobile Communication(GSM) standard or any other similar standard, a wired connection, a WiFiconnection, and a Bluetooth connection. The network operator 120connects the smart device 102 to the internet 122 so as to permit dataor information to pass between the smart device 102 and the internet122. The network operator 120 also connects the smart device 102 toother devices 124 to permit information in the form of text messages andvoice calls, to pass therebetween. The monitoring application 108collects or records information concerning one or more operationsperformed by the smart device 102 as operation information. Operationsmay comprise, for example, placing or receiving cellular voice calls,sending or receiving text messages, browsing an internet webpage,sending or receiving an email, etc. An operation is an activity or eventperformed by the smart device 102 and operation information isinformation relating to the event. For example, the with respect to anoutgoing cellular voice call operation, the monitoring application mayrecord the telephone number and duration of the call. The operationsbeing recorded may have a monetary cost.

The system 100 also comprises a computer 110 which may be incommunication with, or part of, a backend information technology systemor a cloud server environment such as AMAZON WEB SERVICES™. The computer110 is also in communication with the smart device 102. The computer 110and smart device 102 may communicate directly with one another through alocal area network (LAN), or through the internet 122 via the smartdevice's 102 data connection with the network operator 120. The computer110 comprises a memory 112 and a CPU 114. The memory 112 comprises ametering and tariffing application 118 which is executed by the CPU 114.The metering and tariffing application 118 exchanges information with,among other things, the monitoring application 108.

The computer 110 may be in communication with a storage environment 116.The storage environment 116 may be used for storing informationreceived, collected, or generated by the metering and tariffingapplication 118. In an embodiment, the network operator 120 may passdata traffic through a proxy server or gateway server prior to the databeing communicated to or received from the internet by the smart device102. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, thecomputer may be the smart device 102, and the functionality of themetering and tariffing application 118 may be within the monitoringapplication 108 on the smart device 102.

The metering and tariffing application 118 may be in communication withan enterprise information technology (IT) environment 126 and a personalcloud 144. The metering and tariffing application 118 collects orreceives categorization information from one or more of the enterpriseIT environment 126, the personal cloud 144, the smart device's 102 user,and other information provisioned or provided manually by any person, tohelp determine or apportion the operations of the smart device 102between one or more purposes. Apportioning an operation to a purposemeans categorizing, classifying, or identifying the operation asrelating to a particular purpose or reason for which the operation wasperformed. This may involve, for example, supplementing the operationinformation with a description or identifier of the purpose. The termpurposes refer to the reason for which a user of the smart device 102caused, directly or indirectly, the smart device 102 to perform anoperation. The user may cause the smart device to perform an operationfor, for example, a work purpose or a personal purpose. An operationperformed for a work purpose may be an action taken by the smart devicewhich furthers the business of the user of the smart device. The actionmay relate to the user's job description within their organization.

The enterprise IT environment 126 may comprise, for example, a singlecomputer running an application, or may comprise many servers located inan enterprise environment across a wide area, each server runningmultiple applications. The enterprise IT environment 126 may compriselightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) servers 128 such asMICROSOFT ACTIVE DIRECTOR™, client relationship management (CRM) servers130, telephony & unified communication systems 132, electronic mail(email) systems 134 such as MICROSOFT EXCHANGE SERVER™ andOUTLOOK™/LOTUS NOTES™, payroll and expense management systems 136,employee benefit systems 138, smart device security systems 140,enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems 142, and other informationtechnology systems. Other systems which may be accessed by the meteringand tariffing application 118 include human resource (H/R) systems. AnERP system may be any system (including without limitation an accountsreceivable, accounts payable, partnering, and vendor management system)that contains information the metering and tariffing application 118 mayuse to help apportion operations of the smart device 102 betweenpurposes including work and personal purposes.

The personal cloud 144 comprises publicly available web services, socialmedia services, and social networking services such as FACEBOOK™,LINKEDIN™, GMAIL™, TWITTER™, TUMBLR, HOTMAIL™, YAHOO MAIL™, GOOGLEDOCS™, OFFICE 365™, INSTAGRAM™, VIBER™, LINE™, MYSPACE™, and WHATSAPP™.The smart device's 102 user may have personal accounts, comprisingpersonal information, with services provided via the personal cloud 144.

The metering and tariffing application 118 may be controlled through apresentation environment 146. The presentation environment 146 may alsoallow users to view operation information associated with their smartdevice 102 and related costs for personal and work purposes. Thepresentation environment 146 may be the smart device 102 itself. Thepresentation environment 146 may also allow viewing of standardized andcustomized reports.

FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method 200 for determining work andpersonal costs associated with the operations of a smart device with thesystem of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the presentdisclosure. The monitoring application 108 logs or records one or moreoperations of the smart device 102 as operation information 202. Theoperation information is communicated 204 to the metering and tariffingapplication 118. The metering and tariffing application 118 applies aseries of rules to the operation information to apportion 206 theoperation into a selected purpose from one or more purposes (alsoreferred to as a plurality of purposes). In effect, apportioning thepurpose involves classifying the corresponding operation information ina particular group which relates to the apportioned purpose. Theplurality of purposes may be a work purpose and a personal purpose. Oneof the plurality of purposes may be a “to-be-decided” or uncategorizedpurpose. The operation may be apportioned based on the operationinformation and categorization information. The metering and tariffingapplication 118 then combines the operation information with tariffinformation for calculating the monetary cost of the apportionedoperation 208. The metering and tariffing application 118 may sum thecosts of all operations apportioned to the same purpose and provide asummary for each purpose. The sum of the costs of all operationsapportioned to the same purposes are reported 210 for each of thepurposes.

Operation Information.

During the step of recording operation information 202 about anoperation performed by the smart device 102, the monitoring application108 may record the configuration of the smart device 102, informationrelating to communications between the smart device 102 and networkoperators 120, the type of each operation, the type of eachcommunication, the channel of each communication, the amount of eachcommunication, the contents of each communication, the recipients andinitiators of each communication, and where the smart device 102 waslocated at the time of the communication. What operation information iscollected depends, in part, on the types of operations which are to beapportioned. The types of operations include, without limitation,cellular voice call operations, SMS/MMS text message operations, dataconsumption from website browsing operations, data consumption fromapplications operations, data consumption from using voice recognitionapplication operations, data consumption from mapping applicationoperations, data consumption from tethering operations, data consumptionfrom VOIP application operations, data consumption from emailoperations, and purchasing operations.

For example, operation information may comprise the amount of time spenton a voice call, the outgoing or incoming telephone number of the voicecall, and the contact information associated with the voice call; theamount of data sent and received while browsing a webpage and the URL ofthat webpage; the times when the smart device 102 had cellular networkconnectivity, WiFi connectivity, Bluetooth connectivity, and tetheringconnectivity; LAC codes when there was cellular network connectivity;and GPS coordinates when there is a change in connectivity.

Each of the types of operations, for which operation information may becollected by the monitoring application 108, is further described below.

Initialization of the Monitoring Application.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, upon installation of themonitoring application 108 on the smart device 102 or on a periodicbasis thereafter, the monitoring application 108 collects or records andprovides operation information about the smart device 102 to themetering and tariffing application 118. The operation information may bestored by the metering and tariffing application 118 in a devicedatabase (as described below in relation to FIG. 3).

Operation information may comprise the smart device's 102 phone number,the International Mobile Station Equipment Identity (IMEI) number, thecountry code of the smart device 102, the area code of the smart device102, the serial number of the smart device 102, and the cellular networkoperator associated with the smart device 102. The information may beretrieved from the smart device's 102 SIM card. This information mayassist with determining whether the smart device 102 is roaming.

The metering and tariffing application 118 may also collectcategorization information from the smart device 102 upon installationsor thereafter on a periodic basis. Categorization information comprises,for example, contacts and applications (and associated internet protocol(IP) addresses). That categorization information may be categorized orclassified manually and automatically as relating to a work purpose or apersonal purpose as further described below in relation to FIG. 3. Themonitoring application 108 may also present the user of the smart device102 with a list of their contacts and applications for categorization orconfirmation of the categories assigned by the metering and tariffingapplication 118. If a contact or application was incorrectly categorizedor not categorized, the user may select the appropriate category whichcauses the monitoring application 108 to update the list of contacts andapplications maintained by the metering and tariffing application 118.

Upon installation or on a periodic basis, the monitoring application 108may also ask the user of the smart device 102 to classify the currentlocation of the smart device as either a work location, a home location,or an other location. If the user identifies the location as “other,”the monitoring application 108 may continue to prompt the user on aperiodic basis to identify their current location until the user hasselected at least one location as a work location and another locationas a home location. When a user selects a work location or a homelocation, the monitoring application 108 records the current local areacode (LAC) of the smart device 102, and the global positioning system(GPS) coordinates of the smart device 102. If the user selects work orhome, the user may also be prompted to input work or home WiFiinformation, if available, including SSID, encryption type, password,and user identification. If information concerning a WiFi hotspot orbase station is provided by the user, and WiFi is available, themonitoring application 108 disables the cellular data connection,enables the WiFi connection, and logs onto the WiFi hotspot. Themonitoring application 108 monitors the LAC and the WiFi connection andwhen a change occurs, the cellular data connection is re-enabled andWiFi is disabled. Disabling the cellular data connection when the WiFiis available helps route data traffic through the WiFi connection toreduce monetary costs and power consumption costs which in-turn helps topreserve the smart device's 102 battery life.

Connectivity Status.

Operations information may also comprise the connectivity status of thesmart device 102 including, without limitation, cellular networkconnectivity, WiFi connectivity, Bluetooth connectivity, and tetheringconnectivity. When a smart device 102 registers with a cellular network,that event or operation may be recorded, along with the: LAC Code;Cellular Operator Name; Time and/or Date of the event first starting(beginning state); GPS coordinates, if the GPS functionality may beturned on and/or available. When a cellular network changes and/or theremay no longer be any cellular connectivity, the time and/or date of theevent may be recorded (end state). When a smart device 102 registerswith a WiFi network, that event may be recorded along with: LAC Code;Cellular Operator Name; WiFi SSID; WiFi MAC Address; Device IP Address;DNS and/or Other related information; Time and/or Date of the eventfirst starting (beginning state); GPS coordinates if the GPSfunctionality may be turned on and/or available. When a WiFi networkchanges or there is no longer any WiFi connectivity, the time and/ordate of the event may recoded logged (end state). When a smart device102 connects to a Bluetooth device, that event may be recorded alongwith: LAC Code; Cellular Operator Name; WiFi SSID; WiFi MAC Address;Smart device 120 IP Address; DNS and/or Other related information; Timeand/or Date of the event first starting (beginning state); GPScoordinates if the GPS functionality may be turned on and/or available.When Bluetooth connectivity changes and/or there may no longer be anyBluetooth connectivity, the time and/or date of the event may be alsorecorded (end state).

Apportioning Operations.

The metering and tariffing application 118 may be provisioned orconfigured with one or more rules. Rules provide the automated processby which the metering and tariffing application 118 apportions orclassifies smart device 102 operations to purposes such as personal andwork purposes. Without rules, it would be too difficult, onerous, andslow to manually review operation information and apportion smart deviceoperations 102 between purposes. Rules may be applied to all smartdevices 102.

The following are examples of potential rules which a metering andtariffing application may apply: All operations comprising emails fromor to a “hotmail.com” domain are apportioned to a personal purpose. Allcontacts comprising emails have a “hotmail.com” domain are categorizedto a personal purpose. All contacts in any ERP/enterprise IT System arecategorized to a work purpose. Applications of a certain type may all becategorized for either a work or a personal purpose. All operationscomprising emails from a corporate address book are apportioned to awork purpose. All contacts obtained from a corporate address book arecategorized to a work purpose. Any contact that has a domain associatedwith a publicly provided email system is categorized as a personalpurpose. Any domain that corresponds to any contact within theERP/Enterprise IT system is categorized as a work purpose. Specificwebsites of a specific user or smart device 102 may be categorized aswork or a personal purpose. Specific websites of users of the samedepartment may be categorized as either a work or a personal purpose.Users may have a list of phone numbers which normally would becategorized as personal but, when travelling for work, are categorizedas for a work purpose. Certain apps which would otherwise be categorizedas for a personal purpose are categorized as for a work purpose when theuser is travelling for work (e.g. SKYPE™). An employee is reimbursementfor use of home WiFi for work purposes. If certain operations cannot beautomatically apportioned, the operation is deemed personal untildesignated otherwise by the user to encourage users to self-police anduse the system.

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of a metering and tariffing application 300 inaccordance with an embodiment of the metering and tariffing application118 shown in the system 100 of FIG. 1. The metering and tariffingapplication 300 comprises a contact manager 302, a bill generatingsystem 304, and a reporting engine 306. The metering and tariffingapplication 300 maintains a number of databases containingcategorization information to assist with automatically apportioningoperations between work and personal purposes based on the operationinformation. The categorization information is received from a number ofsources including the enterprise IT environment 126 and the personalcloud 144. The categorization information is processed and retained inthe databases. The categorization information is combined with the rulesto apportion operations using the corresponding operation information.The databases may reside in the memory 112 of the computer 100 or in thestorage environment 116. The databases may comprise a contact database308, an application database 310, a device database 312, a websitedatabase 314, and a purchase database 316.

The contact manager 302 maintains the contact database 308. This contactdatabase 308 comprises contact information which is unique for each useror each smart device 102. The contact information in the contactdatabase 308 for any user or smart device 102 may also be accessible oravailable to the monitoring application 108 of any other smart devices102 which are part of the system 100, and may also be available toservers and systems in the enterprise IT environment 124. In this way,the contact information of a user or smart device 102 may be used tohelp apportion the operations of another smart device 102. The contactsdatabase 308 comprises the names of organizations and individuals withwhom the company and the user of the smart device 102 each has arelationship and associated details including, without limitation, theirtelephone numbers, fax numbers, email addresses, home postal addresses,work postal addresses, any other mode of contact, the location or sourcefrom which that contact information was obtained, and a designatingindicating whether the contact information is either relating to a workpurpose or a personal purpose. The designation may apply to anindividual contact or contacts from the same company, or may be forspecific modes of contact for an individual or company such as bytelephone number or by email address.

Contact information is collected or received by the contact manager 302and stored in the contacts database 308. The contact manger 302 maycollect contact information initially when a smart device 102 is addedto the system 100 or when the monitoring application 108 is installed onthe smart device 102 as further described above. The contact manager 302may also collect or re-collect contact information on a continuous orperiodic basis, or when the contact information changes on any sourcefrom which it is collected. The contact manager 302 may also maintain ahistory of all changes to contact information occurring on the smartdevice 102 and within the enterprise IT environment 12, includingchanges between work and personal purposes categories. The contactmanager 302 also filters or categorizes each of the contacts into eitherwork, personal, or unknown purposes. Contact information can also befiltered or categorized manually into work or personal by the user ofthe smart device 102 or any other person such as a system administrator.The contact information may be collected or received by the contactmanager 302 from various locations or sources including the smart device102, the enterprise IT environment 126, the personal cloud 144, andother websites including regulatory agencies that designate a telephonenumber as either corresponding to a mobile device or fixed line using aprefix system or equivalent. The contact manager 302 may obtain thecontact information by various means including through APIs. The contactmanager 302 may also scrape contact information from webpages if an APIis not available.

The locations from where contact information may be received orretrieved (as referred to as obtained) from the enterprise ITenvironment 126 include, without limitation, email systems, LDAPservers, CRM servers, telephone & UC systems, payroll & expensemanagement systems, employee benefits systems, corporate PBX system,Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) systems. Locations from wherecontact information may be obtained from the person cloud 144 includeVOIP clients such as SKYPE™, social network websites such as FACEBOOK™,professional networking websites such as LINKEDIN™, email services suchas GMAIL™, and applications installed or accessed by the smart device102.

When contact information is obtained from the personal cloud 144, thecontact manager 302 may apply a rule, if so provisioned, thatcategorizes each contact therein as relating to a personal purposeunless the contacts are received from LINKEDIN™ or a similarprofessional networking service in which case the contacts arecategorized as relating to a work purpose. When contact information isreceived from the enterprise IT environment 126, the contact manager 302may apply a rules, if so provisioned, that categorizes each of thecontacts as relating to a work purpose. Contact information receivedfrom the smart device 102 may be from the address book or the SIM card.

Rather than categorize an entire contact as either relating to a work orpersonal purpose, the contact manager 302 applies a rule, if soprovisioned, which categorizes each mode of contact for the contact(such as phone numbers). Contacts may also be automatically designatedor categorized as personal by the contact manager 302 if they have apersonal cloud email address such as, for example “@hotmail.com”. Thecontact manager 302 may also categorize certain contacts, includingthose with an email address in the corporate email system and stored onthe smart device 102 or elsewhere, that do not match any of the emailaddresses stored in a contact in the examples given above.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the contactmanager 302 may, if provisioned with the rule, learn how to moreaccurately categorize contact information as work and personal. Eachtime contact information is collected, the contact manager 302determines whether the contact information (such as telephone number,email address, etc.), already exists in the contacts database 308. Ifthe contact information exists, then the category already assigned tothe contact information in the contacts database 308 is compared to thecategory to be assigned to the contact information by the contactmanager 302 based on its source. If the categorizations match, then acounter specific to that contact information is incremented. If anycounter reaches a threshold number, then the categorization of thatcontact information is deemed to be verified. Unless manually by-passed,the contact manager 302 does automatically re-categorize thecategorization of verified contact information. Unverified contactinformation, however, may be re-categorized by the contact manager 302if it determines that a category, different than the one indicated inthe contacts database 308, should be applied to certain contactinformation. This allows the contact manager 302 to learn how to moreaccurately categorize contact information based on the categorizationsof the same contact information by other users of the system 100.

In accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure, themetering and tariffing application 300 may monitor the number of times aparticular phone number is dialed, a phone number is text messaged, anemail address is emailed, a website is visited, and an application isdownloaded across all smart devices 102 that are part of the system 100.When the number of times reaches a threshold number, the associatedphone number, email address, website and application is automaticallydesignated as work and the metering and tariffing application 118 sendsa notification that the threshold has been met. The automaticdesignation may then be accepted or rejected by, for example, a systemadministrator.

The monitoring application 108 may comprise an email plug-in thatpermits it to access the email client's address book on the smart device102 so as to automatically synchronize the contacts in the smartdevice's 102 address book, the email client's address book, andenterprise IT environment 126 using the contacts database 308 managed bythe contact manager 302.

The metering and tariffing application 300 uses the work and personalcategories assigned to contact information in the contact database 308to help automatically apportion certain smart device 102 operationsbetween work and personal purposes, and to determine the amount ormonetary value of personal and work purposes of the smart device 102.Contact information may be used to apportion at least the followingtypes of smart device uses: cellular voice, SMS and MMS text messages,data use from accessing websites, data use from VOIP, data use frommapping, data use from certain voice recognition functions, and data usefrom sending and receiving emails. Other smart device operations mayneed to be apportioned into work and personal based on information otherthan contact information. Other smart device operations include, withoutlimitation, data use from applications, data use from voice recognitionfunctionality, data use from tethering other devices to the smart device102, data use from purchases made with the smart device 102, chargesincurred as a result of purchases made with the smart device 102.

Calculating Operation Costs.

During the step of calculating operation costs 208, the metering andtariffing application 118 uses tariff information, in combination withthe operation information, to determine or calculate the costs for eachoperation or all operations collectively for each of the apportionedpurposes. A tariff is a set of contractual terms or rules describing,generally, how a carrier or network operator will charge for theconsumption of data, voice, and text by one or more smart devices usingthe carrier's network or channels of communication. Tariffs may existfor any method of communication such as, for example, cellular, highspeed internet, fixed line and WiFi methods of communication. In anembodiment, the metering and tariffing application 118 combinesoperation information about the smart device 102 with tariff informationto determine the monetary cost of each of the purposes of theapportioned operations of the smart device 102. By putting a monetaryvalue on smart device 102 operations, the user may be reimbursed forwork operation of a personal smart device, or may reimburse for personaloperation of a work smart device. Tariffs may be input into theapplication 108 on the smart device 102 or in the metering and tariffingapplication 118 on the computer 110 through the presentation environment146. Tariff information consists of general cost information such as,for example, a voice call rate per second or minute in a period; SMS ormessage rate per number of messages sent and received in a period; anddata rate measured by the number of bytes or megabytes of data sent andreceived in a period. The rates may differ based upon the location ofthe smart device, the location of the other device with which the smartdevice is communicating, whether the voice call is outgoing or incoming,whether messages and data are being sent or received. Different ratesfor voice calls may exist for inbound and outbound calls for each ofdomestic, international, roaming, and long distance calls. Differentrates for data and SMS messages may exist for data sent and receivedlocally, nationally, internationally, and while roaming. Tariffinformation may also include the amount the user paid for the smartdevice 102, the number of periods in the user's carrier contract, baseperiodic costs (e.g. monthly costs) paid by the user to the carrier forthe use of that smart device 102 on the carrier's network. The meteringand tariffing application 118 combines tariff information with smartdevice operation information to determine operation costs. For example,the metering and tariffing application 118 would know, based on one ormore of the SIM status, the cellular operator name that the device wason, and the LAC and GPS coordinates, whether the smart device 102 wasroaming at the time of making a voice call, sending or receiving a textmessage, or sending or receiving data. If the metering and tariffingapplication 118 determines that the smart device 102 was roaming, themetering and tariffing application 118 would determine the cost based onthe corresponding tariff for roaming. Tariff information may alsodescribe a carrier's terms for use of a specific application, and visitsto a specific websites. Network operators or the designees may alsopermit data traffic associated with a website or application to be“free” so as not to count towards monthly data consumption allotments,if any. The metering and tariffing application 118 may be provisionedwith tariff information setting out the amounts or costs for which anetwork operator 120 charges for certain uses of the smart device 102.

Billing and Reporting.

Once the operations are apportioned and costs determined, the billgenerating system 304 combines or aggregates usage and cost informationtogether. The bill generating system 304 may first calculate thepersonal and work consumption associated with the smart device 102 for aperiod corresponding with the billing period for the tariff. Thepersonal and work consumption may then be used to calculate the actualmonetary cost of personal and work purposes for the billing period andgenerate a bill for the user. The bill and the underlying consumptioncalculations may be accessible via the presentation environment 146, andmay be emailed to the user for expense submissions. In an embodiment,only operations and cost that have been apportioned to work is reportedso as to help protect the user's privacy. The bill generating system mayalso allow for automated expense management by automatically providingthe calculated costs to ERP systems such as H/R, payroll and expensemanagement systems. The monetary cost of the personal or work operationsmay then be incorporated into expense submission or payroll systems.

There are various method through which tariff information may becombined with operation information to calculate the costs associatedwith operation of the smart device. The way in which the information iscombined depends upon the tariffs described by the tariff information.For example, there may be a tariff for cellular voice calls. The tariffmay provide for a monthly fee for a certain number of free daytimeminutes, and a per minute fee for each daytime voice minute consumedbeyond the number of free daytime minutes. There may also be apportionedoperation information describing the number of daytime minutes consumedfor work and personal purposes beyond the number of free daytimeminutes. In an embodiment, the metering and tariffing application 118determines the cost of the operations for each of the purposes bydividing the fixed monthly fee according to the ratio of the number offree daytime minutes consumed for work purposes and of the number offree daytime minutes consumed for personal purposes, and adding to eachresult the costs of the per minute price for overage minutes multipliedby the number of overage minutes for each purpose. The way in whichtariff information is combined with operation information may beprovisioned into the metering and tariffing application 118.

The reporting engine 306 produces reports (including operations andcost) of one or more smart devices 102 in communication with themetering and tariffing application 118. The reports may show informationfrom call logs, SMS logs, email logs, application logs, website logs,etc., including consumption and operations activity apportioned betweenpersonal and work purposes. The reports may be for one smart device 102or an aggregate of multiple smart devices 102 and may be broken out byusage type, department, function, and by P&L. The reports may becustomized.

The bill generation system and reporting engine automatically costssmart device 102 operations. If an employee is owed money by theiremployer for a personal smart device, the amount associated with theaggregate work operations for the billing period is calculated. Throughintegration with the Expense Management/Payroll systems the employee isautomatically reimbursed for any amount that is due. In the event thatthe employer wishes to claw back for personal operations, this amount isdeducted from the next payroll/expense submission automatically

Cellular Voice Call Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, cellularvoice call operations are apportioned between personal and work purposesusing contact information contained in the contact database 308. Themonitoring application 108 obtains operation information associated withvoice calls from, for example, an API, or the call history or call logmaintained by the smart device 102. cellular voice call operationinformation may include call duration, the phone number associated witha call, the contact associated with a call, the time and date of a call,and the LAC code, cellular network name, and GPS coordinates of thesmart device 102 at the time of the call. Cellular voice call operationinformation is sent to the metering and tariffing application 118 whichcross-references to contact information in the contacts database 308 toattempt to determine whether a call was for personal or work purposesdepending on how the corresponding contact, or phone number iscategorized in the database by the contact manager 302. If the call canbe automatically apportioned, the metering and tariffing application 118allocates the duration of the cellular voice call operation to thecorresponding purpose. In effect, the location from which contactinformation is received is used to determine whether to allocate aparticular voice call operation to a work or personal purpose. If thecontact information location is associated with work such as, forexample, a system or server in the enterprise IT environment 126, then acellular voice call operation corresponding to that contact informationis categorized by the metering and tariffing application 118 as work. Bycontrast, if the location from which the contact information wasreceived is from a system or server or service in the personal cloud 144(except a professional networking services), then a cellular voice callcorresponding to that contact information is apportioned to a personalpurpose. If the contact is associated with work or personal, then a callcorresponding to that contact information is apportioned by the meteringand tariffing application 118 as work or personal, respectively. If thephone number or contact associated with the call operation informationcannot be located within the contacts database 308, the metering andtariffing application 118 may cause the monitoring application 108 toprompt the user to categorize the call as either for a work or personalpurpose, or associated the call with an existing contact in the contactsdatabase 308. The monitoring application 108 may also prompt the user tocreate a new contact based on the call information. If a new contact iscreated, that contact information may then be saved to the contactsdatabase 308 so as to be available to all smart devices 102 in thesystem 100 to assist with automatically categorizing smart device use.If the monitoring application 108 cannot access the call history or logon the smart device 102, the monitoring application 108 may monitor thehardware and/or software APIs associated with the telephony stack on thesmart device 102. When a call occurs, the change in the state of thehardware and software is recorded and associated with the call. Themonitoring application 108 may then time the duration of the call. Themonitoring application 108 records the duration of the call, the date ofthe call, and the phone number associated with the call and providesthis information to the metering and tariffing application 108 forapportionment in accordance with the process described above.

Text Message Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, SMS and MMStext message operations are apportioned between personal and workpurposes. Similar to apportioning cellular voice calls, the monitoringapplication 108 obtains information associated with text messages sentand received by the smart device 102. The text message operationinformation may be received from an API or text message history or log.The text message operation information comprises the time and date ofthe message, the length of the message, the phone number associated withthe message, the contact associated with the message if any, the LACcode, cellular network name, and GPS coordinates of the smart device 102at the time of sending or receiving the message to determine whether thesmart device 102 was roaming. The text message operation information issent to the metering and tariffing application 118 whichcross-references to categorization information, such as contactinformation in the contacts database 308, to attempt to determinewhether the text message operation was for personal or work purposedepending on how the corresponding contact or phone number iscategorized in the database. If the text message operation can beautomatically apportioned, the metering and tariffing application 118allocates the text message operation to the corresponding purpose. Ifthe text message cannot be apportioned or categorized because the phonenumber or contact cannot be located within the contacts database 308,the metering and tariffing application 118 may cause the monitoringapplication 108 to prompt the user to categorize the text messageoperation as either for a work or a personal purpose, or associate thetext message with an existing contact in the contacts database 308. Themonitoring application 108 may also prompt the user to create a newcontact based on the text message operation information. If a newcontact is created, the contact information (including the first andlast name of the sender or recipient of the text message, the companyname, and the phone number) is saved to the contacts database 308 so asto be available to all smart devices 102 in the system 100 to assistwith automatically categorizing all other smart device operations. Ifthe monitoring application 108 cannot access the text message history orlog on the smart device 102, the monitoring application 108 may monitorthe hardware and/or software APIs associated with the telephony stack onthe smart device 102. When a text message operation occurs, a change inthe state of the hardware and software is recorded and associated withthe text message activity. The monitoring application 108 may thencreate a log comprising the number of text messages sent and received,the length of the text messages, the date and time the text messageswere sent or received, and the phone numbers associated with the textmessages and other related text message information.

Web Site Browsing Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the amountof data traffic resulting from a website browsing operation using asmart device 102 is apportioned between work purposes and personalpurposes. The monitoring application 108 obtains operation informationassociated with browsing websites, such as the amount of data trafficsent and received by the smart device 102 through WiFi, Bluetooth,tethering, and a cellular connection, the IP address and/or domain nameof the websites being visited, and URL (via an operating system or webbrowser API) of a website being visited, the status of the cellular dataconnection of the smart device (including whether the smart device 102is roaming), the associated LAC, the status of the WiFi data connection,and the MAC address of a connected WiFi router. The monitoringapplication 108 sends the browsing operation information to the meteringand tariffing application 118 which cross-references with contactinformation in the contacts database 308 and website information in awebsite database 314 to attempt to determine whether the websites beingvisited were for personal or work purposes. The metering and tariffingapplication 118 may apportion the website browsing operation accordingto the categorization of a contact having an email address with the samedomain name as the website. For example, the contact manager may import“jon.doe@abc.com” as a customer from the CRM system and designate as awork contact. Website browsing operations associated with visits to the“abc.com” website would, accordingly, be designated as a work purpose.Website browsing operations associated with visits to corporate,affiliate, supplier, partner, and customers intranet and internet websites may also be categorized as for work purposes. Each user may alsohave a customized list of work and personal webpages, which may bemanually categorized as work or personal, and stored in the websitedatabase 314. For example, a marketing executive may need to monitor thewww.facebook.com website for work related marketing metrics and,accordingly, operations associated with this browsing this website wouldbe categorized as a work purpose rather than personal purpose. Ifneither the smart device's 102 operating system nor web browser has anAPI, then the monitoring application 108 records the times when the webbrowser was opened and closed. The monitoring application 108 or themetering and tariffing application 118 can then subtract the smartdevice's 102 data consumption resulting from all other sources todetermine the data consumption of the web browser during the period itwas open. Other sources of data consumption include applicationsresiding on the smart device 102, the operating system, mappingsoftware, voice recognition software, and hardware elements which causedata traffic. In an embodiment, the monitoring application 108 asks theuser to designate or categorize a recently visited website as either forpersonal or work purposes if it hasn't already been automaticallycategorized by the metering and tariffing application 118 or manuallycategorized by the user or an administrator of the system 100. If thesmart device's 102 internet traffic is filtered by a proxy server orgateway server, the metering and tariffing application 118 may recordthe MAC Address, the IP Address, and any other information that may berequired to identify the user of the smart device 102. This informationmay then be compared against the Website databases 314 to assign anactivity to a specific smart device 102 which is tied to thecorresponding user. The amount of traffic passing from or to the smartdevice 102 through the proxy or gateway server may be recorded and timestamped along with the IP address with which the smart device 102 iscommunicating to determine if traffic should be apportioned to the workor personal category.

Application Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, data trafficresulting from application operations is apportioned between workpurposes and personal purposes. Applications include, withoutlimitation, the operating system of the smart device 102 and anyapplication built into the operation system, native applicationspre-loaded on the smart device 102 prior to the time of sale to theuser, and applications installed on the smart device 102 by a user.Applications may perform certain operations on the smart device 102(application operations) which may result in the smart device 102consuming data. For example, applications such as the smart device 102operating system may periodically ping or be pinged by the operatingsystem manufacturer or an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) fordevice updates such as new versions of the operating system, patches,and bug fixes. Both pinging and receiving the update may cause the smartdevice 102 to consume data. For example, the iOS™ operating system isprovided with updates from its manufacturer, APPLE™. The operatingsystem may also communicate with cloud-based servers to provide certainfunctionality. The monitoring application 108 records applicationinformation including, without limitation, the amount of data trafficconsumed by each application, the method of communication such ascellular network or WiFi, the port on which each applicationcommunicates, application names, application publisher names,application versions, application unique codes provided by the portalthrough which applications have been made available (such as ITUNES™,GOOGLE PLAY™, and WINDOWS MARKETPLACE™), the IP addresses required bythe applications and whether the IP addresses are external or internalto the enterprise IT environment 126, the type or category of theapplications, what portion of the data was inbound and outbound, whetherthe smart device 102 was roaming, the associated LAC, the WiFi dataconnection status, and the associated MAC address of a WiFi router, ifany. The unique code may be provided by the operation system providerfor which the application is written. Categories or types ofapplications including VOIP, CRM, travel, etc. The monitoringapplication 108 sends the application information to the metering andtariffing application 118 which apportions data traffic generated byapplications as work and personal. The metering and tariffingapplication 118 may maintain an application database 310 for each smartdevice 102 or user containing applications information including thecategory of each application. The metering and tariffing application 118cross-references the application information with the applicationsdatabase 310 to help automatically apportion data traffic generated byapplication as work and personal. Applications listed in theapplications database 310 may be categorized as work or personalaccording to where it is published. If an application was purchased orbuilt for work purposes, the application may be designated as work andany data traffic associated with that application would, accordingly, becategorized as work. An application may be designated as work if theapplication was made available via an enterprise application store. Whenan application is first installed on the smart device 102, themonitoring application 108 may determine whether the application isdesignated as work or personal using the application database 310. Ifthe application is designated as personal, the monitoring application108 may notify the user that they are responsible for costs resultingfrom the use of the application. If the application is not listed in theapplications database 310, the user is asked by the monitoringapplication 108 to categorize the application as either for a work or apersonal purpose. Applications such as the operating system may becategorized by the administrator as work or personal. The category ofthe application may then be recorded in the applications database 310 soas to be available to all smart devices 102 in the system 100 to assistwith automatically categorizing application use.

If neither the smart device's 102 operating system nor application whichis to be monitored has an API, then the monitoring application 108records the times when the application was opened and closed. Themonitoring application 108 or the metering and tariffing application 118can then subtract the smart device's 102 data consumption resulting fromall other sources to determine the data consumption of the applicationduring the period it was open. Other sources of data consumption includeother applications residing on the smart device 102, the operatingsystem, mapping software, voice recognition software, and hardwareelements which cause data traffic. In an embodiment, the monitoringapplication 108 asks the user to designate or categorize an applicationas either for personal or work purposes. The amount of data flowingfrom/to the smart device 102 through the proxy may be captured and/ortime and/or date stamped. The IP address may be compared to theEnterprise App Databases, and/or the captured information then put underthe Work category. Logging of activity may also occur on theProxy/Gateway Server. The application may send/receive data traffic fromthe originator/manufacturer of the application. Additional and/oralternate inbound/outbound data traffic may be generated fromsub-component functions within the application including IP traffic fromoperating system vendor, advertising engines that send advertisements tothe application, and the storefront from which the application waspurchased.

Applications sometimes passively, without user action, performoperations which generate data traffic. For example, social networkingapplications may automatically download status updates. In anembodiment, the data traffic is apportioned according to how theapplication has been categorized. In another embodiment, where variouscontacts associated with the social networking application have alreadybeen categorized as personal or work, data traffic associated with eachof the contacts can be apportioned to personal or work. Data trafficassociated with updating the operating system may also occur. That datatraffic can be automatically be apportioned to work, personal, or bothwork and personal in accordance with a weighted average or any othermethodology determined or rules set by an administrator.

Voice Recognition Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, the amountof data traffic resulting from voice recognition application operationsis apportioned between personal and work purposes. Voice recognitionapplications may be built into the operating system of the smart device102 or into another application on the smart device 102, or may bestand-alone applications residing on the smart device 102. Voicerecognition applications may include, for example, SIRI™ on iOS™. Datatraffic generated by voice recognition application operations may beapportioned into personal and work categories similar to data trafficgenerated by application operations, generally, as described herein. Inan embodiment, all data traffic generated by voice recognitionapplication operations is apportioned to work use when the user istraveling, for work purposes, with the smart device 102. This is toencourage the user to use voice recognition software when, for example,they are driving to promote user safety. Voice recognition applicationmay sometime be required by the user to recognize a voice commandassociated with a contact. For example, the voice command may be givenby the user to call, send a SMS message, or send an email to a contact,a phone number, or an email address. A voice command may be given by auser to read a text message or email from a contact. A user may also usevoice recognition to dictate a message to be sent to a contact via textmessage or email. In these cases, contact information stored in thecontacts database 308 may be used to apportion the data trafficassociated with the voice commands to either work or personal. In anembodiment, the monitoring application 108 records operation informationassociated with a voice command. The voice command operation informationmay comprise contact information, and the amount of data associated withthe voice command. The monitoring application 108 sends the voicecommand information to the metering and tariffing application 118 whichcross-references the contact information with the contacts database 308to help automatically apportion the data traffic between personal andwork purposes. In an embodiment, if no contact information is containedwithin the voice command operation information, the user is prompted tocategorize the voice recognition data traffic as either work orpersonal.

Mapping Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, data trafficgenerated by a mapping application operation is apportioned betweenpersonal and work operations. Mapping applications may be built into theoperating system of the smart device 102 or into another application onthe smart device 102, or may be stand-alone applications residing on thesmart device 102. Mapping applications may include, for example, NOKIAMAPS™ for iOS™. Data traffic generated by mapping applications may beapportioned between personal and work categories similar to any otherdata traffic generated by any other application as described herein. Inan embodiment, all data traffic generated by mapping applications isapportioned to work use when the user is traveling, for work purposes,with the smart device 102. Mapping applications may sometime be requiredto map a location associated with a contact. For example, the user mayrequest the mapping application to provide directions to a contact'shome address or work address. The contact information may, accordingly,be used to apportion the data traffic associated with the mappingapplication to either work or personal. In an embodiment, the monitoringapplication 108 records operation information associated with a mappingapplication operation. The mapping operation information may comprisecontact information, and the amount of data associated with mappingaddresses. The monitoring application 108 may also access mappingapplications through APIs to extract addresses that may have beenentered. Those addresses are associated with a certain amount of datatraffic resulting from their mapping. The monitoring application 108sends the mapping information to the metering and tariffing application118 which cross-references the contact information or addresses with thecontacts database 308 to help automatically apportion the data trafficbetween personal and work purposes.

If the mapping data traffic cannot be apportioned or categorized becausethe address cannot be located within the contacts database 308, themetering and tariffing application 118 may cause the monitoringapplication 108 to prompt the user to categorize the address as eitherfor a work or a personal purpose, or associate the address with anexisting contact in the contacts database 308. The monitoringapplication 108 may also prompt the user to create a new contact basedon the mapping information. If a new contact is created, the mappinginformation is saved to the new contact in the contacts database 308 soas to be available to all smart devices 102 in the system 100 to assistwith automatically categorizing smart device use.

Tethering Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, data trafficgenerated as a result of tethering operations, namely, tethering adevice to the smart device 102, is apportioned between personal and workoperations. For example, a user's spouse may tether their device to thesmart device 102 while on vacation. Tethering can be accomplished byconnecting the smart device 102 to another device by USB, WiFi, orBluetooth. The monitoring application 108 record, through the smartdevice's 102 operating system APIs, a tethered device's name, MACaddress, IP address, computer processing unit identification, devicename, data traffic operations, and data traffic times. The monitoringapplication 108 sends the tethering information to the metering andtariffing application 118 to help automatically categorize tetheringdata traffic as personal or work. The metering and tariffing application118 may maintain a devices database 312. All data traffic associatedwith tethered devices registered as personal devices for a user isapportioned to personal purposes. If the tethered device is not locatedin the devices database 312, the device is identified as a new deviceand the user is prompted to categorize the device as a personal deviceor a work device. The device information, including the CPU ID, IMEInumber, phone number, CCID number, serial number, and MAX number aresaved to the devices database 312 by the metering and tariffingapplication 118 so that the monitoring application 108 on any othersmart device 102 may use the information.

VOIP Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, data trafficgenerated as a result of a voice over internet protocol sessionoperation including, but not limited, to video conferencing, unifiedcommunications, and instant messaging, with the smart device 102 isapportioned between personal and work operations. VOIP may be built intothe operating system of the smart device 102 or into another applicationon the smart device 102, or may be stand-alone applications residing onthe smart device 102. A VOIP applications may include, for example,SKYPE™ or FACE TIME™. Data traffic generated by VOIP may be apportionedbetween personal and work categories similar to any other data trafficgenerated by any other application as described herein. A VOIP sessionmay sometime occur with one or more persons who are contact. The contactinformation may be cross-referenced by the metering and tariffingapplication 118 with the contacts database 208 to apportion data trafficassociated with VOIP calls or sessions between work and personal. In anembodiment, the monitoring application 108 accesses a history or log ofVOIP calls through APIs to extract call details such as duration, phonenumber, and contact information. That VOIP information is then used bythe metering and tariffing application 118 to apportion data trafficassociated with the calls to personal or work. If a VOIP call cannot beautomatically categorized as work or personal, the monitoringapplication 108 prompts the user to associate the call with a contactwhich has already been categorized, to create a new contact andcategorize the contact, or to simply categorize the call as work orpersonal. Information manually entered by the user may be saved by themetering and tariffing application 118 to the contacts database 308 forlater use by a monitoring application 108 for all devices 102 in thesystem 100.

Email Operations.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, data trafficgenerated as a result of email operations is apportioned between workand personal. The monitoring application 108 may integrate, throughAPIs, with the personal and corporate email clients on the smart device102. The email clients may be one client or multiple clients. For eachemail, the monitoring application 108 determines the sender andrecipient email addresses, the time the email was sent/received, thesize of the email including attachments, and the size of the emailincluding attachments actually downloaded to the smart device 102. Emailoperations may be apportioned between personal and work categoriessimilar to any other operation by any other application as describedherein. In an embodiment, the email addresses contained in an email arecross-referenced by the metering and tariffing application 118 tocontact information in the contacts database 308 to categorized datatraffic associated with email use as work or personal. If an emailcannot be automatically determined to be work or personal, themonitoring application 108 prompts the user to allocate the email aseither work or personal and the email addresses in the email are allthen categorized accordingly. Email operation Information manuallyentered by the user may be saved by the metering and tariffingapplication 118 to the contacts database 308 for use by all smarteddevices 102 that are part of the system 100 to assist with apportioningsmart device use between personal and work. In an embodiment, themetering and tariffing application 118 categorizes emails as either workor personal according to the domain part of the email address. Emailaddresses comprising a domain part which are publicly available such as“@hotmail.com” are categorized as personal. Email addresses comprising adomain part which is a corporate or private domain are categorized aswork. Email clients may also be designated as personal or work andcategorized accordingly. For example, GOOGLE™ provides a GMAIL™ clientfor the iPHONE™. All emails sent and received from the GMAIL client,accordingly, may be categorized by the metering and tariffingapplication 118 as work. All email send from and receives by each emailclient is monitored in aggregate and designated as either personal orwork in accordance with the rules provisioned in the metering andtariffing application 118. The metering and tariffing application 118may comprise an email client database for retaining a list of emailclients and their categories.

Purchase Operations.

In addition to using a smart device 102 for communication, a user mayalso make purchases with the smart device 102 (also referred to aspurchase operations). For example, a user may use the smart device's 102near field communications (NFC) or radio frequency identification (RFID)functionality to make a purchase from a retail store. In anotherexample, the user may purchase an application, or make an in-applicationpurchase, on their smart device 102. Those purchase may be charged backso as to appear on the network operator invoice or statement of amountsowing for the smart device 102. In an embodiment of the presentdisclosure, the monitoring application 108 identifies when a purchase isbeing made using the smart device 102 (also referred to as a purchaseoperation), collects the associated operation information, andcommunicates the operation information to the metering and tariffingapplication 118. The metering and tariffing application 118 then, usingthis operation information, determines whether a user's purchase is fora work purpose or a personal purpose based on information such as thetype of purchase, from whom the purchase was made, when the purchase wasmade, and where the purchase was made. In an embodiment, the monitoringapplication 108 detects a purchase made using the smart device 102 bydetecting data traffic with an IP address that typically correspondswith a purchase. In response to detecting a purchase operation, themonitoring application may prompt the user to categorize the purchase aseither work or personal.

FIG. 4. is a flowchart of a method 400 for apportioning the costs of apurchase made with a smart device 102 between purposes in accordancewith an embodiment of the present disclosure. When the smart device 102is used to make a purchase, that purchase may generate data traffic tobe categorized as either work or personal. The generated data trafficmay also be used, however, to automatically determine if the purchasebeing made is personal or work. In accordance with an embodiment of thepresent disclosure, the monitoring application 108 detects 402 that theNFC or RFID functionality of the smart device 102 has been used. Upondetection, the monitoring application 108 records all data trafficactivity 404 occurring on the smart device 102 for a period of timebefore and after the use of the functionality. The period of time may be60 seconds. Information recorded may include the time of use and the IPaddresses of the other devices with which the smart device 102 iscommunicating. The IP addresses is compared or cross-referenced to IPaddresses maintained by the metering and tariffing application 118 todetermine if the data traffic and associated purchase should beapportioned 406 as work or personal. If the IP address has not yet beencategorized, the monitoring application 108 may prompt the user tocategorize the purchase as either work or personal. The monitoringapplication 108 may also prompt the user to specify the amount of thetransaction and other related information such as taxes. The meteringand tariffing application 118 then saves the IP information and selectedcategory to a purchase database 316 for use at a later time by the smartdevice 102 or other smart devices 102 in the system. In an embodiment,the monitoring application 108 and the metering and tariffingapplication 118 may have APIs for which other applications may use toaccess information and functionality.

The monitoring application 108 and the metering and tariffingapplication 118 may integrate with another party's billing system, suchas a network operator, so as to notify 408 the operator of purchasesmade on the smart device 102 that should be charged directly to the userof the smart device 102. Information that may be provided to the networkoperator includes the phone number of the smart device 102, IMEI numberof the smart device 102, the serial number of the smart device 102, thetime and date of the transaction, the roaming status, the name of theapplication or upgrade downloaded, if any, the version of theapplication, the name of the party from which the purchase was made, thecost of the transaction and any taxes. If the operator has an individualcontract with the user of the smart device 102, the monitoringapplication 108 may prompt the user for permission to integrate with theoperator.

In an embodiment, the monitoring application 108 may monitor the smartdevice 102 and automatically take certain actions to help reduce thesmart device's 102 communication costs.

Containers.

The smart device 102 may comprise one or more containers (also referredto as dual personas) which prevents applications outside of thecontainer from accessing the applications inside the container. Ifapplications are located within a container on the smart device 102 towhich the monitoring application 108 does not have access, themonitoring application 108 monitors the amount data traffic from and tothe container. Since a single container contains applications for eitherexclusively work purposes or exclusively personal purposes, but not forboth, all data traffic from and to the container can be apportioned tothe corresponding purpose without identifying the specific source of thedata traffic. If the monitoring application 108 has access to thecontainer or is located within the container, the monitoring application108 may monitor the smart device 102 operations. If an enterprisecontainer resides on the smart device 102, or the application does nothave an API, or all communication and activity information can't bedetermined for the application, the logged information may be comparedagainst a databases and the metering and tariffing application 118 mayassign the activity to the smart device 102 which is used by a user.

WiFi Switchover.

Communication over a WiFi network is typically less costly both inmonetary value and power consumption, than communication over a cellularnetwork. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the monitoringapplication 108 causes the smart device 102 to automatically, withoutuser involvement, log on to WiFi hotspots to help reduce communicationcosts. The monitoring application 108 may record the LAC of a cellularradio network used by the smart device 102, the GPS coordinates of thesmart device 102, the name of the provider and name of the retail outletwhen the smart device 102 logs into a WiFi hotspot such as, for example,at the user's work or home locations. The monitoring application 108 maythen use this information to automatically enable the smart devices 102WiFi function and disable the cellular network function when the mobiledevice 102 is close to the recorded GPS coordinates or within the LAC.By enabling WiFi, logging into the corresponding WiFi network, anddisabling the cellular network functions, this causes the smart device102 to use the WiFi mode of communication which may be the least costly.This may also help reduce the amount of power consumed by the smartdevice 102 so as to preserve battery life. When the smart device 102loses WiFi connectivity, the cellular network function on the smartdevice 102 may then be enabled. In an embodiment of the presentdisclosure, the monitoring application 108 communicates WiFi informationto the metering and tariffing application 118 so that it can be storedand shared with other smart devices comprising a monitoring application108 in communication with the metering and tariffing application 118. Inthis way, a database of global WiFi hotspots may be maintained by themetering and tariffing application 118. WiFi information may include,for example, WiFi Network Name, Password, IP Address, Subnet Mask,Default Gateway, DNS, DNS Suffix, MAC Address, LAC of the surroundingcellular network, and GPS coordinates.

Voice Call Interception.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, themonitoring application 108 intercepts calls about to be made for whichthere is a less expensive calling option, and places the call using theless expensive calling option. For example, the monitoring application108 may intercept long distance calls or calls to be made while roamingand places the call using a long distance dialing card, a toll-freenumber, VOIP call, or a local calling number. The less expensive optionsmay vary depending on the telephone number being called and the locationof the smart device 102. Accordingly, it may not be possible for a userto recall all possible less expensive calling options. It may also bedifficult or inconvenient for a user to manually effect a less expensivecalling option. In an embodiment, if the cost of a voice call may bereduced, the call is blocked, a note of the outbound call is made, and anew voice calling session is created using the less expensive option.The less expensive calling option may require inserting pauses usingcommas or some other symbol according to the location from where thecall is being made. A global database of less expensive calling optionsmay be maintained by the metering and tariffing application 118 andcommunicated to the monitoring application 108 on all smart devices 102.

In the preceding description, for purposes of explanation, numerousdetails are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding ofthe embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the artthat these specific details are not required. In other instances,well-known electrical structures and circuits are shown in block diagramform in order not to obscure the understanding. For example, specificdetails are not provided as to whether the embodiments described hereinare implemented as a software routine, hardware circuit, firmware, or acombination thereof.

Embodiments of the disclosure can be represented as a computer programproduct stored in a machine-readable medium (also referred to as acomputer-readable medium, a processor-readable medium, or a computerusable medium having a computer-readable program code embodied therein).The machine-readable medium can be any suitable tangible, non-transitorymedium, including magnetic, optical, or electrical storage mediumincluding a diskette, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), memorydevice (volatile or non-volatile), or similar storage mechanism. Themachine-readable medium can contain various sets of instructions, codesequences, configuration information, or other data, which, whenexecuted, cause a processor to perform steps in a method according to anembodiment of the disclosure. Those of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that other instructions and operations necessary to implementthe described implementations can also be stored on the machine-readablemedium. The instructions stored on the machine-readable medium can beexecuted by a processor or other suitable processing device, and caninterface with circuitry to perform the described tasks.

The above-described embodiments are intended to be examples only.Alterations, modifications and variations can be effected to theparticular embodiments by those of skilled in the art without departingfrom the scope, which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system, comprising: a computer processing unit(CPU); a database accessible by the CPU, the database storing activityinformation for each of a plurality of activities performed by aselected source on a smart device, each of the plurality of activitiesusing a network of an operator; the database further storingcategorization information, and tariffs of the operator for use of thenetwork by the smart device; a metering and tariffing applicationprovisioned with a plurality of rules and configured to obtain thecategorization information from one or more of an enterprise informationtechnology environment and a cloud server; the metering and tariffingapplication for execution on the CPU to automatically apportion theactivity information between a plurality of purposes in accordance withthe rules and based on comparing the activity information to thecategorization information; the metering and tariffing application todetermine a cost for the use of the network by the selected source foreach of the plurality of purposes based on the tariffs and theapportioned activity information.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein themetering and tariffing application is configured to obtain thecategorization information from both the enterprise informationtechnology environment and the cloud server.
 3. The system of claim 1,wherein the metering and tariffing application is configured to obtainthe categorization information from the enterprise informationtechnology environment.
 4. The system of claim 3, wherein a first rulerequires apportioning activity information to a select purpose inresponse to the activity information corresponding to categorizationinformation obtained from the enterprise information technologyenvironment.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the metering andtariffing application is configured to obtain the categorizationinformation from the cloud server.
 6. The system of claim 5, wherein asecond rule requires apportioning activity information to a selectpurpose in response to the activity information corresponding tocategorization information obtained from the cloud server.
 7. The systemof claim 1, wherein the smart device comprises the CPU.
 8. The system ofclaim 7, further comprising a monitoring application for execution onthe CPU to record the activity information about the activitiesperformed by the selected source on the smart device.
 9. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the activity is browsing a website, and wherein theactivity information comprises a url of the website and an amount ofnetwork data used as a result of the activity, and wherein a rule isprovisioned to apportion the activity to a selected purpose based on theurl of the website.
 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity isemailing, and wherein the activity information comprises an emailaddress and an amount of network data used as a result of the activity,and wherein a rule is provisioned to apportion the activity to aselected purpose based on the email address.
 11. The system of claim 1,wherein the activity is operating an application, and wherein theactivity information comprises an internet protocol address with whichthe application is communicating and an amount of network data used as aresult of the activity, and wherein a rule is provisioned to apportionthe activity to a selected purpose based on the internet protocoladdress.
 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity is a voice overinternet protocol session, and wherein the activity informationcomprises a contact with whom the session is being conducted and anamount of network data used as a result of the activity, and wherein arule is provisioned to apportion the activity to a selected purposebased on the contact.
 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the activity ismaking a purchase, and wherein the activity information comprises aninternet protocol address of the device with which the smart device iscommunicating in response to making the purchase and an amount ofnetwork data used as a result of the activity, and wherein a rule isprovisioned to apportion the activity to a selected purpose based on theinternet protocol address.
 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the smartdevice comprises a near field communication device or a radio frequencyidentification device, wherein the activity is making a purchase usingthe near field communication device or a radio frequency identificationdevice, and wherein the activity information comprises an internetprotocol address of the device with which the smart device iscommunicating in response to making the purchase and an amount ofnetwork data used as a result of the activity, and wherein a rule isprovisioned to apportion the activity to a selected purpose based on theinternet protocol address.
 15. The system of claim 1, wherein theactivity information comprises one or more of: the smart device'sconfiguration, a channel of communication used by the smart device inthe activity, a type of activity, a connection type of the network forthe activity, an amount of the use of the network, network data traffic,a recipient of network data traffic for the activity, an initiator ofnetwork data traffic for the activity, a location of the smart device atthe time of activity, an access point name, and a SSID used by the smartdevice at the time of the activity.
 16. A CPU implemented method,comprising: monitoring network data traffic on a smart device; capturinginformation from the network data traffic; determining destinations ofthe network data traffic from the information; determining amounts ofthe network data traffic from the information; obtaining tariffs of thenetwork operator for the smart device; provisioning a rule of aplurality of rules, whereby provisioning the rule comprises obtaining afirst destination from one or more of a cloud server and an enterpriseinformation technology environment, and configuring the rule to requireapportionment to a selected purpose in response to destinations matchingthe first destination; obtaining the rules, the rules describing whichdestinations to apportion to which of a plurality of purposes;determining costs of the network data traffic based on the amounts andthe tariffs; and generating a report apportioning the costs of thenetwork data traffic among the plurality of purposes based on thedestinations in accordance with the rules.
 17. The method of claim 16,whereby provisioning the rule comprises obtaining the first destinationfrom the cloud server.
 18. The method of claim 16, whereby provisioningthe rule comprises obtaining the first destination from an enterpriseinformation technology environment, and configuring the rule to requireapportionment to a selected purpose in response to destinations matchingthe first destination.
 19. The system of claim 16, wherein thedestinations are any of an email address, an internet protocol address,a domain name, a website address, a telephone number, or an accountname.